For professionals with a specialty occupation and a sponsor company that is deemed cap exempt.
Qualifications
Same criteria for an H-1B visa apply, See H-1B Qualifications
Foreign nationals must be employed by, or located at, a cap-exempt organization. There are 4 types of cap-exempt organizations: universities, non-profits affiliated with a university, non-profit research organizations, or government research organizations
Timeline
Average USCIS processing time: 4-6 months, 2 weeks with premium processing if no Request for Evidence is issued (It may take 7-10 days to prepare the paperwork for filing)
Not subject to the annual lottery
Can be filed immediately, at any time of year
H-1Bs are filed for 3 years extendable up to 6 years.